Systemic Arterial Hypertension

What is?

Systemic arterial hypertension, commonly referred to as hypertension, is a condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure in the systemic arteries, which are the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Causes and Symptoms

The pathogenesis of systemic arterial hypertension is complex and involves a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including lifestyle and dietary habits. It is often classified into:

Primary (essential) hypertension, where no specific cause is identified.
Secondary hypertension, which results from an identifiable underlying condition such as renal disease or endocrine disorders.

Diagnostic Procedures

Hypertension is typically diagnosed when blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mmHg, according to current guidelines.

Avaible treatment

Management of systemic arterial hypertension involves lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, increased physical activity, and weight management, alongside pharmacological interventions. First-line antihypertensive medications include

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Thiazide diuretics